Factors affecting the outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting

Abstract

Background: Several factors affect the outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We reported CABG's short- and long-term outcomes and factors affecting the length of hospital stay and event-free survival.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort including 195 consecutive CABG patients from 2010 to 2022. Study endpoints were the length of hospital stay and event-free survival.

Results: Males presented most of our cohort (n= 142, 72.82%); the mean age was 65.19 ±9.20 years. The associated comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (28.72%), peripheral arterial disease (18.45%), cerebrovascular disease (3.08%), and myocardial infarction (52.31%). The prevalence of left-main disease was 28.21%. The mean ejection fraction was 57.27± 13.23, and the median EuroSCORE was 2.96. Nineteen patients had emergency surgery, 65.13% had off-pump CABG, and 84.62% had total arterial revascularization. The median length of hospital stay was 9 days (8- 11). Hospital stay was longer in patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease (β: 1.19 (95% CI: 0.79- 1.60), P<0.001), older age (β:0.16 (95% CI: 0.007- 0.024), P<0.001), and diabetics (β: 0.29 (95% CI: 0.12- 0.46), P= 0.001). The risk of events increased in patients with previous cardiovascular disease (P= 0.025), peripheral arterial disease (p<0.001), and patients with diabetes (P= 0.025).

Conclusion: Patients' specific risk factors and comorbidities were the main determinants of the length of hospital stay and long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting.