May Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Affect Native Coronary Atherosclerosis progression?

Ahmed Labib Dokhan; Rafik  Fekry Soliman; Mohammed  Meselhy Abd Elsabour Meselhy; Ibrahim Mohammed Khalil; Ehab  Kamal El Melegy; Mohammed   Ahmed El-Hag-Aly

doi:10.35810/ects.v4i3.216

Ahmed Labib Dokhan Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
Rafik Fekry Soliman Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
Mohammed Meselhy Abd Elsabour Meselhy Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
Ibrahim Mohammed Khalil Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
Ehab Kamal El Melegy Department of Cardiology, Shibin El-kom teaching hospital, Menoufia, Egypt
Mohammed Ahmed El-Hag-Aly Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35810/ects.v4i3.216

Keywords: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Coronary Artery diseases, Native Coronary Atherosclerosis

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) continues to be the best standard in the management of severe coronary artery disease (CAD), providing good symptom management and life extension. Although CABG was first performed by reversed saphenous veins (SVGs), surgeons have increasingly adopted arterial conduits because of their longer-term patency and resistance to atherosclerosis. CABG's efficacy may potentially be affected by the extension of atherosclerosis in the native coronary arteries. Few researches have investigated the long-term angiographic disease progression of native coronary arteries after surgical revascularization, or the variables that may impact this progression. Proximal native disease progression was presented to be two to six times more common than distal disease progression, with greater rates of progression in coronaries bypassed by SVGs than arterial grafts. The goal of this research was to determine influence of CABG on the extension of native coronaries atherosclerosis.

Methods: This prospective study was established on 25 patients who were diagnosed to have ischemic heart disease in cardiothoracic surgery department in Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University.

Results: The study showed that according to the risk factors among the studied cases, smoking was (60%), Dyslipidemia was (32%), HTN was (32%) and Diabetes was (32). According to grafts in proximal lesions, there was progression of atherosclerosis up to total occlusion, but in Distal lesions, there was significant regression of atherosclerosis. As result, there was statistically significant difference between proximal with distal lesions. Also, study showed that there was a significant difference between left system (LAD, D, OM) in comparison with right system (PDA) regarding distal lesion. Our results showed that univariate logistic regression analysis for progression in distal lesion regarding Dyslipidemia and Diabetes.

Conclusion: Progression of disease is more evident in coronary segment proximal to anastomosis, while regression of disease is more evident in coronary segment distal to anastomosis with statistically significant difference between them, also the risk of disease progression post CABG was found to be multifactorial, as certain risk factors can affect progression of the disease as Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia that were of statistically significance.